スポーツ人類学／口頭発表②

[12 人-口-05] Historical Development of Anthropology of Sports and Cultural Setup

*Y Kalyan Kumar¹ (1. Silver Jubilee Government College (A))

The purpose of this oral presentation, to know how the branches of anthropology developed in Indian sports and established a great phenomena in our country. As the Cultural Anthropology (CA) reveals that the study of past and present societies and the languages, traditions, customs and behavior that are both similar or different from one another. In similar lines CA is to document the full range of human cultural adaptations and achievements and discern in this great diversity the underlying. The whole world believes that the physical activity would begin from mothers womb itself, maybe the terrains are different. Seewart Culin demonstrated the cultural diversity of indigenous sports phenomena by analyzing their technology as well as their underlying motives and interpreted their similarities according to the evolutionary perspective popular at the time. Games and sports are found in early human history and appeared to be culturally universal. The type of game and sport are not randomly distributed in the world's culture. In ancient days the games and sports were very traditional and they started with lots of rituals. Cross cultural sectional studies have found that type of games and sports vary in some predictable ways - they are related to social and political complexity to how children are raised and aggressive sports are related to warfare. Traditional games and modern games are two very different forms of play. Now its very difficult to find children who play traditional games, but the fact is that the base of any professional games are innate of traditional game somewhere in the globe. Sports take on the role of defending fundamental structures of power by putting those structures on public display in embodied form. Such public events are typically organised by elites, who try to control what is put on display so that their social status remains unchallenged. Contextualised in the classic anthropological theory of the gift, sports events take on another dimension. It is well-known that humans will go into deep debt to fund rituals and ceremonies. While this doesn’t make sense according to market economy logics, it is unproblematic in the context of a gift economy in which elites increase their prestige and strengthen alliances by organising extravagant events. CA (symbolism and cultural materialism) and Kinanthropometry which refers to a dynamic relationship and quantitative interface between human structure and function under the umbrella of Kinanthropometry, dynamic anthropometry, sports anthropometry and physiological anthropometry, finally it measures individuals morphological perspective, its application to movement and factors which influence movement, including components of body build, body measurements, proportions, compositions, shape, maturation, motor abilities, cardiorespiratory capacities, physical activities including recreational activities as well as highly specialized sports performance.