[SL2-1] Inflammation, Periodontitis and the link to Systemic Diseases
研修コード：2504
略歴
Thomas Van Dyke, D.D.S., Ph.D., is Vice President for Clinical and Translational Research, and Director of the Center for Clinical and Translational Research at the Forsyth Institute in Cambridge, MA and Professor of Oral; Medicine, Infection and Immunity at Harvard School of Dental Medicine; D.D.S. (1973), Case Western Reserve University; M.S. (1979), Periodontics Certificate (1980), PhD (1982) SUNY at Buffalo. Balint Orban Memorial Prize for Research in Periodontology (1981), Diplomate of the American Board of Periodontology (1989), IADR Award for Basic Research in Periodontology (2001), Norton Ross Award for Excellence in Clinical Research (2002), William J. Gies Periodontology Award (2008). President of the International Association of Periodontology (1997-1999). 330+ original articles, numerous abstracts and book chapters published. Research interests are the structural and functional relationship of abnormalities of the inflammatory process in the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal and other infectious inflammatory diseases.
Thomas Van Dyke, D.D.S., Ph.D., is Vice President for Clinical and Translational Research, and Director of the Center for Clinical and Translational Research at the Forsyth Institute in Cambridge, MA and Professor of Oral; Medicine, Infection and Immunity at Harvard School of Dental Medicine; D.D.S. (1973), Case Western Reserve University; M.S. (1979), Periodontics Certificate (1980), PhD (1982) SUNY at Buffalo. Balint Orban Memorial Prize for Research in Periodontology (1981), Diplomate of the American Board of Periodontology (1989), IADR Award for Basic Research in Periodontology (2001), Norton Ross Award for Excellence in Clinical Research (2002), William J. Gies Periodontology Award (2008). President of the International Association of Periodontology (1997-1999). 330+ original articles, numerous abstracts and book chapters published. Research interests are the structural and functional relationship of abnormalities of the inflammatory process in the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal and other infectious inflammatory diseases.
Periodontitis is an infectious inflammatory disease; that is, a disease initiated by bacteria that has inflammatory destruction of tissues at the heart of its pathogenesis. Uncontrolled inflammation in infectious inflammatory diseases results from over-active stimulation and a failure to resolve inflammation. Resolution of inflammation is an active process mediated by endogenously produced lipid molecules that orchestrate a return to tissue homeostasis. These resolving molecules that actively regulate the resolution of acute inflammation, called lipoxins and resolvins, are eicosanoids; the same class of molecule as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. These small lipid molecules act through specific receptors on inflammatory cells. Lipoxins and resolvins have been shown to have significant impact in inflammatory diseases in addition to periodontitis, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The new understanding of active resolution of inflammation has the potential to completely change how we approach inflammatory disease and periodontal therapy. Lipoxins and resolvins have been demonstrated to promote regeneration of bone lost to disease and to prevent inflammatory bone loss in animals. In addition to the emergence of new surgical and non-surgical, medical therapies for periodontal diseases, recent studies have suggested a relationship between oral infection, in particular periodontal disease, and systemic diseases. Epidemiologic studies have implicated periodontal disease as a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease and stroke, and a risk factor for pre-term low birth weight babies in pregnant women. In addition, studies in diabetics have revealed that untreated periodontal disease can lead to diabetic complications and have a direct impact on glycemic control. As our understanding of pathways of inflammation has matured, a better understanding of the molecular basis of inflammation has emerged. The potential for modification of resolution pathways for the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases will be discussed in detail. More importantly, the potential, as well as real, associations between periodontal diseases and systemic diseases underline the importance of proper diagnosis and treatment of these extremely common oral diseases. The rationale for additional periodontal medical approaches will be presented and the potential benefits to systemic health will be explored.