*Hironobu Kakihana^1,2, Hiroshige Jinnouchi^3,4, Akihiko Kitamura⁵, Isao Muraki⁶, Mina Hayama⁵, Kazumasa Yamagishi^4,7, Hironori Imano², Takeo Okada⁸, Masahiko Kiyama⁹, Hiroyasu Iso^4,6,10 (1. Kobe Gakuin University, 2. Kindai University, 3. Nippon Medical School, 4. University of Tsukuba, 5. Yao City Public Health Center, 6. Osaka University, 7. Juntendo University, 8. Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, 9. Fukushima Medical University, 10. National Center for Global Health and Medicine)

*Hiroshige Jinnouchi^1,2,3, Hironobu Kakihana^4,5, Akihiko Kitamura⁶, Kazumasa Yamagishi^2,7, Mina Terada Hayama⁶, Isao Muraki⁸, Maho Ishihara⁸, Hironori Imano⁵, Takeo Okada⁹, Masahiko Kiyama¹⁰, Hiroyasu Iso^2,8,11 (1. Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School, 2. Department of Public Health Medicine, Institute of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, 3. Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 4. Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kobe Gakuin University, 5. Department of Public Health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 6. Yao City Public Health Center, 7. Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 8. Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 9. Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, 10. Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 11. Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine)

*Yudai Sasaki^1,2, Hiroshi Kouno¹, Shiho Amagasa^3,4, Yuki Shirakura², Yasuko Kodama⁷, Yuka Ohaku², Takeo Fujiwara⁵, Hiroshi Murayama⁶, Shigeru Inoue⁴, Yugo Shobugawa² (1. Graduate School of Health and Sports Sciences, Toyo University, 2. Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Department of Active Aging (donated by Tokamachi city, Niigata Japan), 3. Graduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University, 4. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 5. Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 6. Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7. Department of Community Care Promotion,Tokamachi City Hall)

*Kenjiro Kawaguchi¹, Atsushi Nakagomi¹, Kazushige Ide¹, Katsunori Kondo^1,2 (1. Chiba Univ., 2. Institute for Health Economics and Policy)

*Yaya li¹, Yuri Tominaga¹, Mei Mishida¹, Kanayo Koetaka¹, Hiroko Yoshida¹, Akihiko Kitamura², Kei Kamide¹, Yuya Akagi¹, Michiko Kito¹, Mai Kabayama¹ (1. Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Division of Health Sciences., 2. Yao City Public Health Center Health Community Development Science Center)