Takaaki Hattori¹, Narumi Kitsuka¹, Nobuo Sanjo¹, Jun Oyama², Toshitaka Yoshii³, Atsushi Okawa³, Takanori Yokota¹ (1.Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Japan, 2.Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Department of Radiology, Japan, 3.Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Department of Orthopedic surgery, Japan)

Yuya Hatano, Tomohiko Ishihara, Sachiko Hirokawa, Osamu Onodera (Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Japan)

Akihiko Mitsutake^1,2, Mizuho Kawai¹, Akira Arakawa^1,3, Toshiyuki Kakumoto¹, Takashi Matsukawa¹, Yuichiro Shirota^1,4, Kaori Sakuishi^1,5, Jun Mitsui⁶, Makiko Yogo⁷, Masahiko Suzuki⁷, Nobutaka Hattori⁸, Hiroyuki Ishiura^1,9, Shigeo Murayama^3,10, Shoji Tsuji^6,11, Tatsushi Toda¹ (1.Department of Neurology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Japan, 2.Department of Neurology, International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital, Japan, 3.Department of Neurology and Neuropathology (Brain Bank for Aging Research), Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Japan, 4.Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Japan, 5.Department of Neurology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Japan, 6.Department of Precision medicine neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan, 7.Department of Neurology, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center, Japan, 8.Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan, 9.Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Japan, 10.Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Japan, 11.Institute of Medical Genomics, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan)

Tomohiko Ishihara¹, Kensuke Ikenaka², Yuji Takahashi³, Takanori Yokota⁴, Kinya Ishikawa⁴, Makito Hirano⁵, Yoshitaka Nagai⁵, Osamu Onodera¹ (1.Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Japan, 2.Osaka University, Japan, 3.National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan, 4.Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan, 5.Kindai University, Japan)

Masaaki Matsushima¹, Ken Sakushima¹, Yasuhiro Kanatani², Naoki Nishimoto³, Jun Sawada⁴, Takeshi Matsuoka⁵, Haruo Uesugi⁶, Naoya Minami⁷, Kazuya Sako⁸, Asako Takei⁹, Shin Hisahara¹⁰, Akiko Tamakoshi¹¹, Norihiro Sato³, Hidenao Sasaki^1,12, Ichiro Yabe¹, Department of Health and Welfare, Hokkaido Government¹³, Sapporo City Public Health Office¹⁴, HoRC-MSA study group¹⁵ (1.Department of Neurology, Hokkaido University, Japan, 2.Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Japan, 3.Hokkaido University Hospital Clinical Research and Medical Innovation Center, Japan, 4.Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Neurology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan, 5.Department of Neurology, Date Red Cross Hospital, Japan, 6.Aizen Hospital, Japan, 7.Department of Neurology, Hokkaido Medical Center, Japan, 8.Department of Neurology, Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Japan, 9.Hokkaido Neurological Hospital, Japan, 10.Department of Neurology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan, 11.Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan, 12.Hakodate Central General Hospital, Japan, 13.Department of Health and Welfare, Hokkaido Government, Japan, 14.Sapporo City Public Health Office, Japan, 15.HoRC-MSA study group, Japan)