The 2021 SSJ Fall Meeting

Presentation information

Poster session (Oct. 14th)

Regular session » S09. Statistical seismology and underlying physical processes

P

Thu. Oct 14, 2021 3:30 PM - 5:00 PM ROOM P3 (ROOM P)

3:30 PM - 5:00 PM

[S09P-11] Stress field in the Tohoku region, Japan
and its relationship with faults of recent earthquakes (3)

〇Ayaka TAGAMI1, Miu Matsuno1, Tomomi Okada1, Shin'ichi Sakai2, Mako Ohzono2,3, Kei Katsumata3, Masahiro Kosuga4, Yoshiko Yamanaka5, Hiroshi Katao6, Takeshi Matsushima7, Hiroshi Yakiwara8, Takashi Nakayama1, Satoshi Hirahara1, Toshio Kono1, Shu'ichiro Hori1, Toru Matsuzawa1, . Group for the aftershock observations of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake (1.Research Center for Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 2.Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 3.Institute of Seismology and Volcanology, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, 4.Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 5.Graduate School of Encironmental Studies, University of NAGOYA, 6.Research Center for Earthquake Prediction, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, 7.Institute of Seismology and Volcanology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, 8.Nansei-toko Observatory for Earthquakes and Volcanoes, Kagoshima University)

背景・目的
現在の東北日本の応力場は逆断層型応力場が分布する(例、Terakawa and Matsuʼura, 2010)。東北日本には日本海形成時に発達した正断層が存在し(岡村・加藤, 2002; 岡村, 2010)、古い正断層が逆断層として活動するインバージョンテクトニクスが発生する(例、Okamura et al., 1995)。我々は東北日本で発生した大規模地震周辺の応力場に対する断層面のすべりやすさをSlip Tendency法を用いて検討した(例、田上・他、JpGU2021)。推定した応力場は2011年前後で最大圧縮方向(SHmax)が反時計回りに回転する傾向を示し、ST値から内陸地域ではすべりにくい面が実際にすべっていることを確認した。
本研究では①応力場とST値の関係の検討②東北地方内陸地域の2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震(以下、東北沖地震)後における応力場の変化の要因の検討を行った。

検討①
Synthetic slip(Neves et al., 2009)を使用し、応力場に対して断層面が活動するときのrakeを算出した(計算rake)。断層モデルのrakeと計算rakeの差をrake差とし、ST値と比較した。
結果
ST値0.5~1.0、rake差40°以内に集中する。内陸地域では2011年後にrake差が大きくなり、東北沖地震の影響を反映している可能性が考えられる。

検討②
Coulombプログラム(Toda et al., 2005; Lin and Stein, 2004)を用いて、東北沖地震による応力場の変化を求めた。地震時の応力変化によって計算された応力場と実際の地震から推定した東北沖地震後の応力場を比較し、それらが類似した条件を求めた。
結果
1998年岩手県雫石町の地震、2008年岩手・宮城内陸地震では東北沖地震後に見られたSHmaxの回転と応力比の大きさの増加を再現することができた。2003年宮城県北部の地震においても再現することができたが、摩擦係数が小さかった。震源の空間分布の違いがあることから応力場の不均質を反映している可能性(Smith and Dietrich, 2010; Smith and Heaton, 2011)が考えられる。

まとめ
東北沖地震の断層モデルから応力場の傾向を再現することができたため、応力場の変化は大規模地震による応力擾乱の影響と考えられる。応力場の変化はST値に影響してしまうため、広域の応力場に変化をもたらす大地震の影響を除くことが望ましいと考えられる。

Introduction
In northeastern Japan, stress fields of east-west oriented compression are widely distributed (e.g., Terakawa and Matsu'ura, 2010). It is frequently observed that tectonic inversion of old normal faults occurs acting as reverse faults (e.g., Okamura et al., 1995). In our previous studies, we evaluated the fault activity in the northeastern Japan by using the Slip Tendency (ST) method (e.g., Tagami et al, JpGU Meeting 2021). From the estimated stress field, we confirmed the rotate of maximum compression direction (SHmax) after the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake (the Tohoku-oki earthquake). From the ST value, we suggested the fault planes were active in an unlikely to slip condition in the inland area.
In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the ST value and the stress field (Study 1). Furthermore, we investigated the factors of the changes in stress field after the Tohoku-oki earthquake (Study 2).

Study 1
We use the Synthetic Slip (Neves et al., 2009) to calculate the rake angle (calculated rake) when the fault plane become active to stress field. The difference between “fault model rake” and “calculated rake” is defined as “rake difference” and compared with the ST value.
Result
Distribution of ST value is concentrated in a range of 0.5 to 1.0 and rake difference 40°. In the inland area, rake difference become large in the after the Tohoku-oki earthquake. This may reflect the influence of the Tohoku-oki earthquake.

Study 2
We use the Coulomb program (Toda et al., 2005; Lin and Stein, 2004) to estimate changes in the stress field due to the Tohoku-oki earthquake. We compared the calculated stress field with the actual stress field, and seek the condition which both become similar.
Result
In the case of the 1998 Shizukuishi earthquake and the 2008 Iwate-Miyagi Nairiku earthquake, we were able to reproduce the rotation of the SHmax and increase of the stress ratio. In addition, even in the case of the 2003 northern Miyagi earthquake, we were able to reproduce the stress field. However, the friction coefficient is too small.

Summary
We were able to reproduce the tendency of the stress field. Therefore, the changes might be due to the stress disturbance caused by the Tohoku-oki earthquake. When evaluating using Slip Tendency, we should eliminate the effect of a large earthquake which could change the stress field over a wide area.

References
Neves, M.C., Paiva, L.T., and Luis, J., 2009, Com. & Geosci., 35(12), 2345-2352.
Okamura, Y. and Kato, Y., 2002, Univ. Tokyo Press, 47-69.
Okamura, Y., Watanabe, M., Morijiri, R., and Satoh, M., 1995, Island Arc, 4(3), 166-181.
Smith, D.E., and Dietrich, J.H., 2010, Pure Appl. Geophys. 167, 1067-1085.
Smith, D.E., and Heaton, T. H., 2011, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 101, 1396–1421.
Terakawa, T., and M. Matsu’ura, 2010, Tectonics, 29(6).