[P1] Field Crop Production

[P1-22] The Evaluation of Disease Resistance, Agronomic Traits and Yield Among Four Market Types in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Germplasm Collection

^○Hsin-I Kuo¹, Hung-Yu Dai², Yong-Pei Wu³, Yu-Chien Tseng¹ (1.Agronomy Department, National Chaiyi University, Taiwan, 2.Agronomy Department, Chiayi Agricultural Experiment Station, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taiwan, 3.Crop Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taiwan)

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is allotetraploid (AABB, 2n=4x=40) legume with high oil and protein content. It is classified into four market types (Virginia, Runner, Valencia and Spanish). Virginia and Runner belong to the subspecies (ssp), hypogaea; Spanish and Valencia belong to ssp. fastigiata. In this study, we randomly selected 150 peanut accessions from National Plant Genetic Resources Center in Taiwan, including 74 Spanish types, 21 Valencia types, 24 Virginia types and 31 Runner types. They were planted in the field with standard management protocol in spring and fall, 2019. There are four disease (rust, leaf spot, witches' broom and stem rot) evaluated at the late stage of the growth. Several agronomic traits (pod length, pod width, 50-pods weight, shelling percentage and 100-seeds weight) and yield were also measured after harvest. The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed yield was significantly negatively related to rust resistance and significantly positively related to 50-pods weight and 100-seeds weight. Combined ANOVA of market types with correlation analysis, our findings suggest that Virginia and Runner, these two market types are more resistant to rust and stem rot disease, however, Valencia and Spanish are more resistant to leaf spot and have higher shelling percentage, 50-pods weight and yield. In future breeding program, it is a goal to combine rust and stem rot resistant lines (Virginia and Runner) with high yield lines (Valencia and Spanish) using molecular markers and backcross selection.