[A-AS06] 成層圏・対流圏過程とその気候への影響

[AAS06-13] LODEWAVE (LOng-Duration balloon Experiment of gravity WAVE over Antarctica)

*冨川 喜弘^1,2、佐藤 薫³、斎藤 芳隆⁴、村田 功⁵、平沢 尚彦^1,2、高麗 正史³、中篠 恭一⁶、秋田 大輔⁷、松尾 卓摩⁸、藤原 正智⁹、吉田 理人² (1.国立極地研究所、2.総合研究大学院大学 複合科学研究科、3.東京大学大学院理学系研究科、4.宇宙航空研究開発機構　宇宙科学研究所、5.東北大学大学院環境科学研究科、6.東海大学工学部、7.東京工業大学環境・社会理工学院、8.明治大学理工学部、9.北海道大学大学院地球環境科学研究院)

キーワード：重力波、スーパープレッシャー気球、南極、PANSYレーダー

Atmospheric gravity waves transport momentum in the atmosphere and play an important role in determining temperature and material distribution through driving the meridional circulation in the middle atmosphere. However, they have wide spatial and temporal scales, which make it difficult to capture the whole feature of gravity waves with any of the latest observations and models. The first Mesosphere-Stratosphere-Troposphere (MST)/ Incoherent Scatter (IS) radar in the Antarctic, PANSY, which was installed at Syowa Station in 2011, can directly estimate the momentum flux of gravity waves in all frequency bands by observing 3-dimensional winds with high precision and high resolution. On the other hand, the super pressure (SP) balloon observation can also estimate momentum transport due to gravity waves in all frequency bands, and its horizontal distribution is also clarified. In order to carry out this SP balloon observation in the Antarctic where the observational constraint on the momentum transport due to gravity waves is especially insufficient, we proposed the LOng-Duration balloon Experiment of gravity WAVE over Antarctica (LODEWAVE). By combining it with the PANSY observation and the state-of-the-art meteorological reanalysis data, the 3-dimensional picture of momentum transport due to gravity waves is acquired, which contributes to the improvement of the future prediction by the climate model.

We have performed a test production of SP balloon and onboard instruments during FY 2019. The further development and test of the SP balloon and onboard instruments was carried out in FY 2020. In the latter half of FY 2021, a maximum of 3 SP balloon observations will be carried out at Syowa Station in the Antarctic. By developing the SP balloon and onboard instruments which are light and small enough to ease the restrictions of the Civil Aeronautics Act, we aim to establish a regular observation system in the Antarctic.