[ODP31] 7. 抗菌性物質・薬剤耐性-b. 薬剤耐性

[ODP-215] Emergence and evolution of antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in Neisseria gonorrhoeae

矢原 耕史¹，志牟田 健²，中山 周一²，平林 亜希¹，鈴木 仁人¹，安田 満³，陳内 理生⁴，大屋 日登美⁴，黒木 俊郎⁴，渡辺 祐子⁴，出口 隆⁵，Kevin C. Ma⁶，Tatum D. Mortimer⁶，Vegard Eldholm⁷，Odile B. Harrison⁸，Martin C. J. Maiden⁸，Yonatan H. Grad⁶，大西 真² (¹国立感染研・薬剤耐性，²国立感染研・細菌一部，³岐阜大学病院，⁴神奈川衛研，⁵木沢記念病院，⁶Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health，⁷Norwegian Institute of Public Health，⁸Dept. Zoology, Univ. Oxford)

Antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a global health concern. Strains from two internationally circulating sequence types, ST-7363 and ST-1901, have acquired resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, mainly due to mosaic penA alleles. These two STs were first detected in Japan; however, the timeline, mechanism, and process of emergence and spread of these mosaic penA alleles to other countries remain unknown. We studied the evolution of penA alleles by obtaining the complete genomes from three Japanese ST-1901 clinical isolates harboring mosaic penA allele 34 (penA-34) dating from 2005 and generating a phylogenetic representation of 1,075 strains sampled from 35 countries. We also sequenced the genomes of 103 Japanese ST-7363 N. gonorrhoeae isolates from 1996-2005 and reconstructed a phylogeny including 88 previously sequenced genomes. Based on an estimate of the time-of-emergence of ST-1901 (harboring mosaic penA-34) and ST-7363 (harboring mosaic penA-10), and more than 300 additional genome sequences of Japanese strains representing multiple STs isolated in 1996-2015, we suggest that penA-34 in ST-1901 was generated from penA-10 via recombination with another Neisseria species, followed by recombination with a gonococcal strain harboring wildtype penA-1. (Yahara et al (2021), Genome Medicine).