[SY3-2] Trends and challenge of oral functional assessment in Europe.
【略歴（Curriculum Vitae）】Prof. Dr. med. dent. Martin Schimmel, MAS Oral Biol
Swiss Federal Specialist in Reconstructive Dentistry SSO
Martin Schimmel is chairman of the Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology at the School of Dental Medicine of the University of Bern, Switzerland (ZMK Bern). Dr. Schimmel obtained his undergraduate dental degree and the academic degree “Dr. med. dent.” from the University of Mainz, Germany. The University of Geneva (Switzerland) awarded his postgraduate degrees Privat-Docent and MAS Oral Biol. He graduated as Swiss federal specialist for reconstructive dentistry SSO and founded Orophys LLC as a spin-off from the University of Bern. Martin received several academic awards including the IADR Unilever Hatton award for clinical research, first place, senior category and was recently awarded with the 2022 IADR Distinguished Scientist Award in Geriatric Oral Research. Professor Schimmel serves as associate editor for Gerodontology, is member of the editorial board of the Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, Clinical Oral Implants Research, Forum Implantologicum and is member of the review boards of the International Journal of Prosthodontics, as well as the Journal of Dentistry (Digital Section). He is past president of the IADR Geriatric Oral Research Group (IADR GORG), past president and treasurer of the European College of Gerodontology (ECG), council member of the Gerodontology Association (GA) and president of the Swiss Society of Gerodontology and Special Care Dentistry (SSGS). His professional career comprises wide clinical experience in private practice, university settings and geriatric hospitals. His academic interests include Gerodontology, orofacial hypofunction, CAD / CAM in prosthodontics, and implantology.
【抄録（Abstract）】
Since the very onset of academic dentistry in Europe, the dental profession has focused on diagnosis and treatment of dental diseases. Furthermore, a significant part of dentistry comprised mechanistic aspects like the fabrication of dentures, and lately there is a strong focus in the dental profession on digital planning and computer assisted manufacturing of endosseus oral implants and dental prostheses. For many decades, these trends have led to an artificial separation in dental education, research, patient care and public health policy from general medicine and its disciplines.
With the general improvement in prevention, management and prognosis of orofacial disease, models for oral health started reflecting a more comprehensive view on orofacial function as it becomes more and more conspicuous that the orofacial system can only be regarded in a broader context of health and function.
As there is a long-standing tradition in Europe for the assessment and management of orofunctional parameters, a large body of evidence is available today. Journals like the Journal of Oral Rehabilitation or the tradition-rich Society of Oral Physiology are visible signs of this academic heritage in Europe. More recently, the Japanese concept of oral frailty sparked interest also in Europe and related instruments started emerging in Europe. However, many of these diagnostic tools are difficult to procure in Europe. Today, there is a lack of widespread, validated, easy-to-use instruments that help to distinguish between states of orofacial fitness as opposed to orofacial hypofunction as recent research has shown that Japanese diagnostic thresholds might not be easily applicable to European populations.
Since the very onset of academic dentistry in Europe, the dental profession has focused on diagnosis and treatment of dental diseases. Furthermore, a significant part of dentistry comprised mechanistic aspects like the fabrication of dentures, and lately there is a strong focus in the dental profession on digital planning and computer assisted manufacturing of endosseus oral implants and dental prostheses. For many decades, these trends have led to an artificial separation in dental education, research, patient care and public health policy from general medicine and its disciplines.
With the general improvement in prevention, management and prognosis of orofacial disease, models for oral health started reflecting a more comprehensive view on orofacial function as it becomes more and more conspicuous that the orofacial system can only be regarded in a broader context of health and function.
As there is a long-standing tradition in Europe for the assessment and management of orofunctional parameters, a large body of evidence is available today. Journals like the Journal of Oral Rehabilitation or the tradition-rich Society of Oral Physiology are visible signs of this academic heritage in Europe. More recently, the Japanese concept of oral frailty sparked interest also in Europe and related instruments started emerging in Europe. However, many of these diagnostic tools are difficult to procure in Europe. Today, there is a lack of widespread, validated, easy-to-use instruments that help to distinguish between states of orofacial fitness as opposed to orofacial hypofunction as recent research has shown that Japanese diagnostic thresholds might not be easily applicable to European populations.