09:00 〜 09:20
[US3-01] 歯科法医学におけるDNA鑑定の変遷
キーワード：DNA analysis、personal identification、tooth- extracted DNA
For a long time, forensic dentistry was recognized as a branch of forensic medicine dedicated to personal identification. The information obtained from dentistry was tooth morphology and fillings/prosthetics, but with the introduction of forensic DNA analysis in Japan around 1985, teeth became the focus of attention as a source of DNA extraction from human remains.
In the current national project to identify the remains of war dead, teeth are the first choice as a source for DNA. Because teeth have excellent preservation properties, with pulp tissue rich in cellular components surrounded by dentin and enamel, and only the root apical foramen communicating with the outside world, it is possible to extract DNA in good condition from teeth that are several decades old if they are in a dry state.
DNA analysis using tooth-extracted DNA has been dominated by methods for personal identification by detecting variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) using DNA fingerprinting and STR methods, but has recently expanded to include the establishment of age estimation methods using tooth- extracted DNA.
In this symposium, the evolution of DNA extraction and analysis methods from teeth will be discussed based on experience with conditions that have been overcome and conditions that need to be overcome from the early days of DNA analysis to the present.
In the current national project to identify the remains of war dead, teeth are the first choice as a source for DNA. Because teeth have excellent preservation properties, with pulp tissue rich in cellular components surrounded by dentin and enamel, and only the root apical foramen communicating with the outside world, it is possible to extract DNA in good condition from teeth that are several decades old if they are in a dry state.
DNA analysis using tooth-extracted DNA has been dominated by methods for personal identification by detecting variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) using DNA fingerprinting and STR methods, but has recently expanded to include the establishment of age estimation methods using tooth- extracted DNA.
In this symposium, the evolution of DNA extraction and analysis methods from teeth will be discussed based on experience with conditions that have been overcome and conditions that need to be overcome from the early days of DNA analysis to the present.