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[2G206] Navigating Human Insecurity: Integrating Reactive and Proactive Strategies for Disaster Resilience in the Philippines
Keywords:disaster resilience, reactive resilience, proactive resilience, human security
The uneven impact of the climate crisis has brought about an increase in human insecurity in many vulnerable locales in the Philippines. Approaches towards building community resilience have so far only focused on reactive measures, and while these provide immediate relief to affected communities, several studies have proven that short-terms efforts are futile in the long run. In addition, these can aggravate persisting vulnerabilities and can serve as entry points for corruption and politicking. Fostering resilient communities must be dynamic and proactive in the face of complexity and uncertainty (Lister, 2016). According to Carmen, Fazey, and Ross (2022), proactive mechanisms towards disaster resilience require inclusive and context-specific “systemic perspectives and multi-scalar approaches.” It aims not just to make adjustments to reduce future shocks but to strengthen institutional mechanisms for resilience. Thus, the study asked the following research questions:
1) What reactive and proactive mechanisms towards disaster resilience are in place in the Philippines?
2) What aspects of social capital are instrumental in reactive and proactive mechanisms towards disaster resilience?
Key informant interviews were conducted with residents from Marikina City and La Trinidad, Philippines. We found that reactive and proactive mechanisms coexist in these locales. Reactive mechanisms include emergency response teams, disaster relief funds, and temporary shelters, which are activated immediately following a disaster. Meanwhile, proactive efforts include mainstreaming policy frameworks on disaster risk reduction, creating early warning systems, and building capacities to empower community-based disaster risk reduction mechanisms. The findings also highlight the crucial role of coordinated efforts among various stakeholders such as formal organizations, informal/local community organizations, state entities, and international organizations in building proactive mechanisms. Thus, in order to ensure human security and resilience, proactive mechanisms must be nurtured by focusing on interconnections between multiple capitals in shaping sustainable trajectories.
1) What reactive and proactive mechanisms towards disaster resilience are in place in the Philippines?
2) What aspects of social capital are instrumental in reactive and proactive mechanisms towards disaster resilience?
Key informant interviews were conducted with residents from Marikina City and La Trinidad, Philippines. We found that reactive and proactive mechanisms coexist in these locales. Reactive mechanisms include emergency response teams, disaster relief funds, and temporary shelters, which are activated immediately following a disaster. Meanwhile, proactive efforts include mainstreaming policy frameworks on disaster risk reduction, creating early warning systems, and building capacities to empower community-based disaster risk reduction mechanisms. The findings also highlight the crucial role of coordinated efforts among various stakeholders such as formal organizations, informal/local community organizations, state entities, and international organizations in building proactive mechanisms. Thus, in order to ensure human security and resilience, proactive mechanisms must be nurtured by focusing on interconnections between multiple capitals in shaping sustainable trajectories.
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