*Qing-he ZHANG¹, Michael LOCKWOOD², John C. FOSTER³, Shun-rong ZHANG³, Bei-chen ZHANG⁴, Ian W. MCCREA⁵, Joran MOEN⁶, Mark LESTER⁷, J. michael RUOHONIEMI⁸ (1.Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University,Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China, 2.Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Post Office Box 243, RG6 6BB, UK, 3.MIT Haystack Observatory, Westford, MA 01886, USA, 4.Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, China, 5.Space Sciences Division, SSTD, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, UK, 6.Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway, 7.Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK, 8.Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA)