convener:Hidenori Terasaki(Graduate School of Science, Osaka University), Eiji Ohtani(Department of Earth and Planetary Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University), William F McDonough(University of Maryland College Park), George Helffrich(Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology), Chairperson:William McDonough(University of Maryland / Tohoku University), Eiji Ohtani(Tohoku University)