[S-CG51] Role of volatiles on Earth and planetary dynamics

[SCG51-10] Stability of Fe-bearing hydrous phases and element partitioning in the system MgO-Al₂O₃-Fe₂O₃-SiO₂-H₂O in Earth’s lowermost mantle

*Hongsheng Yuan¹、Li Zhang¹、Eiji Ohtani²、Yue Meng³、Eran Greenberg⁴、Vitali B. Prakapenka ⁴ (1.Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research、2.Department of Earth Science, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University、3.HPCAT, X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory、4.Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago)

キーワード：deep lower mantle, hydrous phase, bridgmanite to post-perovskite transition, synchrotron X-ray diffraction, multigrain analysis

We performed experiments on a synthetic hydrous gel consisting of a model composition of subducted slabs in the MgO–Al₂O₃–Fe₂O₃–SiO₂–H₂O system and containing ~7 wt.% water. The experiments were conducted in laser-heated diamond anvil cells under high pressure–temperature (P-T) conditions corresponding to the lowermost mantle using in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and ex situ transmission electron microscope techniques. The hydrous δ-phase AlOOH–FeOOH–MgSiO₂(OH)₂–SiO₂ (with an orthorhombic symmetry and the space group of Pnnm) coexists with bridgmanite (Bdg), post-perovskite (pPv), or both in a broad P-T range of 104–126 GPa and 1900–2500 K, whereas the pyrite-type (py) FeOOH_x phase was only observed to coexist with the pPv phase by in situ XRD. Chemical analysis on recovered samples showed that (i) in the Bdg-bearing assemblage quenched from 104 GPa and 1900 K, the Bdg phase contains ~8 at.% Al and ~11 at.% Fe, and the coexisting hydrous δ-phase contains ~70 at.% Al and ~14 at.% Fe; (ii) in the pPv-bearing assemblage quenched from 117 GPa and 2050 K, the pPv phase contains ~7 at.% Al and ~16 at.% Fe, and the coexisting hydrous δ-phase contains ~81 at.% Al and ~9 at.% Fe. The considerable Fe₂O₂(OH)₂ (8–13 mol%) and SiO₂ (9–13 mol%) content in the δ-phase does not reduce its thermal stability; therefore, the Fe-bearing δ-phase can transport water to the lowermost mantle along the mantle geotherm. The dense py-phase may accumulate in the lowermost mantle in the presence of the pPv phase. In a hydrous system, Al₂O₃ depletion in both the Bdg and pPv phases can significantly reduce the width of the Bdg to pPv transition compared with the width in a dry system. On the other hand, significant Fe enrichment in pPv relative to the coexisting Bdg lowers the transition pressure to the depth of the D′′ discontinuity. Accordingly, the depth and thickness of the Bdg to pPv transition in subducted hydrous basaltic crustal materials might explain the seismically detected D′′ discontinuity. The formation of the dense hydrous py-phase in subducted slabs may contribute to chemical heterogeneities in the lowermost mantle.