[S-VC43] Magma crystallization, fragmentation, and their roles on volcanic eruption

[SVC43-P12] Redox state and nanolite crystallization of erupting magma during ash forming eruption at Bromo Volcano, Indonesia

*三輪 学央¹、石橋 秀巳²、井口 正人³、斎藤 元治⁴、安田 敦⁵、外西 奈津美⁵ (1.防災科学技術研究所、2.静岡大学、3.京都大学防災研究所、4.産総研、5.東京大学地震研究所)

キーワード：火山灰、酸化還元状態、ナノライト

We discusses a vent-conduit process during ash forming eruption at Bromo volcano, Indonesia, based on the observation of microstructure and redox variation of volcanic glass. The volcanic ash particles were collected in 24th March 2011 by real-time sampling from ongoing activity. The activity was characterized by strombolian eruption and emission of gray-brown ash plume with shock wave, showing magma head ascended to near the ground surface. The volcanic glass of the ash forming eruption comprises brown and black glasses under the stereoscopic microscope. Although both of volcanic glasses exhibits glassy appearance and identical chemical composition, observation of microstructure by Field-Emission Electron Micro Probe Analyzer (FE-EPMA) showed that the black glass contains nanolites (Mujin and Nakamura, 2014) in its matrix glass. The Fe-K edge μ-XANES (micro X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure) spectra demonstrate that brown glass (Fe³⁺/ΣFe = 0.20-0.26) is more reduced than black glass (Fe³⁺/ΣFe = 0.32-0.60). From combination of the glass composition, the measured Fe³⁺/ΣFe ratio and 1060 degree C of temperature, the oxygen fugacities are estimated to be NNO which is similar with that of magmatic gas from Bromo (Aiuppa et al. 2015) for brown glass and NNO+4 for black glass. Moreover we found that the oxygen fugacity becomes higher in nanolite-developed region around the edge or vesicle wall in a single black glass. These suggest close relationship between oxidation and nanolite crystallization. Vigorous recycling of eruptive material from repetitive eruptions can cause oxidation of volcanic glass and nanolite crystallization.