Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2021

Presentation information

[E] Poster

A (Atmospheric and Hydrospheric Sciences ) » A-AS Atmospheric Sciences, Meteorology & Atmospheric Environment

[A-AS03] Advances in Tropical Cyclone Research: Past, Present, and Future

Thu. Jun 3, 2021 5:15 PM - 6:30 PM Ch.02

convener:Sachie Kanada(Nagoya University), Akiyoshi Wada(Department of Typhoon and Severe Weather Research, Meteorological Research Institute), Yoshiaki Miyamoto(Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University), Kosuke Ito(University of the Ryukyus)

5:15 PM - 6:30 PM

[AAS03-P05] The mechanism by which updraft and the downdraft of a cumulonimbus cloud in subtropical waters turn in the opposite direction.

*Shinji Karasawa1 (1.Miyagi National College of Technology Professor emeritus)

Keywords:Typhoon, Madden Julian Oscillation, Cumulonimbus cloud , Trade wind, Westerlies, Solar wind

Changes in high and low pressures rotates around the Earth in 4-5 days. It is proposed in this report that the solar wind is driving the flow of the atmosphere which orbited faster than the Earth's rotation in this east-west direction. The solar wind is emitted from the Sun at a speed exceeding the escape speed of 617.5 km/sec, and it has a rotating motion of 1.89 km/sec in the counterclockwise direction, according to the rotation of the Sun.
The main component of the solar wind is protons, and their hydrogen ions collide repeatedly with Earth's atmospheric molecules, so they do not reach the Earth's earth. Earth's gravity can't hold hydrogen. However, there are hydrogen atoms in the atmosphere upper sky. The peak of hydrogen density exists altitude 80 km. The solar wind collides with the Earth's atmosphere.
In the daytime hemisphere near the Earth's equator, the solar wind hits the atmosphere directly, and the momentum of the rotation in the clock rotation direction of the solar wind moves the atmosphere in the sky in the clock rotation direction by the method of the gear. The atmosphere of upper sky near the equator of the Earth is rotated in the clock rotation direction by the solar wind. That is the trade wind.
The atmosphere of the Earth moves by the Earth’s rotation in the direction of counterclockwise. The solar wind that winds through the east side of the Earth collides with the atmosphere moving in the same direction, accelerating the flow of the rotating atmosphere, even though west side collides with the atmosphere moving in the opposite direction. It is the westerly wind. In the sky over the subtropical region, the influence of the westerly wind is strong, and the trade wind weakens, and the air flow is turned in the clockwise direction.
In Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO), it is known that the winds from east-to-west in the east of a cumulonimbus clouds are weak, but the wind from west-to-east is strong. This is the effect of the Earth's rotation moving from west to east with an anti-clock rotation of 463m/sec near the equator. The distance to orbit the Earth is shorter in areas with higher latitudes than near the equator, and slower rotational speed in high latitudes where the distance to go around is shorter. Therefore, the equatorial counter current moving from west to east near the equator is fast. So, the equatorial current moving from east to west both sides in the opposite direction will flow.
The rising air at the bottom of the cumulonimbus cloud in the subtropical waters of the northern hemisphere moves counterclockwise direction owing to the current of sea water. Then, when a cumulonimbus cloud occurs, water vapor condenses in the sky, and a descending air flow of clock rotation is generated. In this way, a typhoon is born, because the ups and downs flow of the cumulonimbus cloud generated in the subtropical sea area turns in the opposite direction [1].
[1] S. Karasawa, “Mechanism of typhoon”, 2021, 27/Jan, https://youtu.be/HCY9m0npYyw