3:45 PM - 4:00 PM
[G01-02] School education of disaster prevention through stone monuments for historical natural disasters and SfM technique
Keywords:stone monuments for natural disasters, Nankai Earthquake, flood disaster, tradition, Structure from Motion, SfM
Natural disaster monuments are used not only to preserve records of past natural disasters, but also as icons to warn people to be prepared for future natural disasters. However, due to the weathering of natural disaster monuments over the years, damage to the monuments and illegibility of the inscriptions has become a problem. Therefore, solutions using digital technology have been devised. On the other hand, the use of natural disaster monuments for disaster prevention education for citizens and students is not sufficient. In this study, as part of the "Hirameki Tokimeki Science" project funded by the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, we conducted a project to deepen understanding of natural disasters by learning about the background of natural disaster monuments and the contents of their inscriptions through the 3D digital technology. This project was designed for elementary to high school students, with two points in mind: practicality and spontaneity. The project was conducted in Tosashimizu City, Kochi Prefecture, which has been hit by earthquakes many times in the past and has many monuments to earthquakes and tsunamis.
A survey of natural disaster monuments in Tosa-Shimizu City revealed that there are not only earthquake and tsunami monuments that tell of the damage caused by the Nankai earthquake, but also many stone monuments that tell of flood damage. Monuments to the 1707 Hōei earthquake, the 1854 Ansei Nankai earthquake, and the 1946 Showa Nankai earthquake were found to exist as monuments to the Nankai earthquake, while monuments to flood damage were erected as a memorial to the August 1920 flood and a monument to the September 2001 torrential rain disaster in southwest Kochi Prefecture. Therefore, it is possible to examine the characteristics of the stone monuments according to the natural disaster and the period of their construction. This project consisted of (1) a lecture on natural disasters and disaster monuments, (2) a visit to a natural disaster monument at the site and data acquisition for building a 3D model, and (3) the use of SfM Structure-from-Motion Multi-View Stereo Photogrammetry (3) construction of 3D models using SfM (Structure-from-Motion Multi-View Stereo Photogrammetry) and production of miniatures using 3D printers, and (4) examination of natural disaster monuments to be produced in the future. In (2) and (3), students learned (A) how to clarify inscriptions that are difficult to see in the field due to sunlight or shade, and (B) how to create 3D digital models of stone monuments. Each group visited five to six natural disaster monuments and conducted (A) and (B) for two monuments.For (4), the following task was given to each group to think of a stone monument they would like to produce. For (4), we gave each group the following task: "X years from now, the Nankai Trough Earthquake will hit your city, causing great damage. A huge tsunami came rushing in, and the port, bridges, and elementary schools were severely damaged. As soon as the quake hit, everyone rushed to evacuate to a nearby shelter, which saved their lives. Afterwards, you were assigned the role of conveying the experience of this great earthquake to future generations through the use of stone monuments. Afterwards, you were assigned the role of conveying the experience of this great earthquake to future generations through the use of stone monuments. What kind of stone monument will you build?".
As a result of this project, we once again felt the difficulty of reading and understanding the inscriptions in the field. During our visit to the natural disaster monument, we were also able to hear from the people who managed and preserved the stone monument and those who experienced the flood disaster. We realized the importance of passing on disaster records using stone monuments as well as hearing from people who were directly involved in the disasters and the monuments. The future stone monuments presented by students stood out by making it colorful, huge, and near the school. Since the SfM technology is not yet widely used, I felt that this technology could be used for educational activities other than learning about stone monuments.
Acknowledgements:
This program is funded by JSPS program (20HT0112).
A survey of natural disaster monuments in Tosa-Shimizu City revealed that there are not only earthquake and tsunami monuments that tell of the damage caused by the Nankai earthquake, but also many stone monuments that tell of flood damage. Monuments to the 1707 Hōei earthquake, the 1854 Ansei Nankai earthquake, and the 1946 Showa Nankai earthquake were found to exist as monuments to the Nankai earthquake, while monuments to flood damage were erected as a memorial to the August 1920 flood and a monument to the September 2001 torrential rain disaster in southwest Kochi Prefecture. Therefore, it is possible to examine the characteristics of the stone monuments according to the natural disaster and the period of their construction. This project consisted of (1) a lecture on natural disasters and disaster monuments, (2) a visit to a natural disaster monument at the site and data acquisition for building a 3D model, and (3) the use of SfM Structure-from-Motion Multi-View Stereo Photogrammetry (3) construction of 3D models using SfM (Structure-from-Motion Multi-View Stereo Photogrammetry) and production of miniatures using 3D printers, and (4) examination of natural disaster monuments to be produced in the future. In (2) and (3), students learned (A) how to clarify inscriptions that are difficult to see in the field due to sunlight or shade, and (B) how to create 3D digital models of stone monuments. Each group visited five to six natural disaster monuments and conducted (A) and (B) for two monuments.For (4), the following task was given to each group to think of a stone monument they would like to produce. For (4), we gave each group the following task: "X years from now, the Nankai Trough Earthquake will hit your city, causing great damage. A huge tsunami came rushing in, and the port, bridges, and elementary schools were severely damaged. As soon as the quake hit, everyone rushed to evacuate to a nearby shelter, which saved their lives. Afterwards, you were assigned the role of conveying the experience of this great earthquake to future generations through the use of stone monuments. Afterwards, you were assigned the role of conveying the experience of this great earthquake to future generations through the use of stone monuments. What kind of stone monument will you build?".
As a result of this project, we once again felt the difficulty of reading and understanding the inscriptions in the field. During our visit to the natural disaster monument, we were also able to hear from the people who managed and preserved the stone monument and those who experienced the flood disaster. We realized the importance of passing on disaster records using stone monuments as well as hearing from people who were directly involved in the disasters and the monuments. The future stone monuments presented by students stood out by making it colorful, huge, and near the school. Since the SfM technology is not yet widely used, I felt that this technology could be used for educational activities other than learning about stone monuments.
Acknowledgements:
This program is funded by JSPS program (20HT0112).