Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2021

Presentation information

[J] Poster

M (Multidisciplinary and Interdisciplinary) » M-IS Intersection

[M-IS27] History X Earth and Planetary Science

Sun. Jun 6, 2021 5:15 PM - 6:30 PM Ch.22

convener:Yasuyuki Kano(Earthquake Research Institute, The University of Tokyo), Hiroaki Isobe(Faculty of Fine Arts, Kyoto City University of Arts), Kei Yoshimura(Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo), kiyomi iwahashi(National Institute of Japanese Literature)

5:15 PM - 6:30 PM

[MIS27-P01] An attempt to convert historical seismic data into GIS data and its challenges

*Junzo Ohmura1,4, Miki Hamano2, Yuta Hashimoto3, Yasuyuki Kano1,4 (1.Earthquake Research Institute,The University of Tokyo, 2.Graduate School of Letters, Ritsumeikan University, 3.National Museum of Japanese History, 4. Collaborative Research Organization for HistoricalMaterials on Earthquakes and Volcanoes, UTokyo)

Keywords:historical earthquake, GIS, historical place name

Historical data on earthquakes have been collected since the Meiji era (1868-1912), and collections of historical data have been published. The collection is now being converted to electronic text. There is a plan to add location information to place names in the future.

Regarding the conversion of historical seismic data into GIS data, ohmura (2015) describes the advantages of this method. Spatial analysis is essential for the analysis of seismic phenomena. However, the identification of place names in historical documents is time-consuming and requires knowledge of history. This is one of the factors that prevent researchers outside the field from entering the field.

The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) has released a number of GIS data. If the historical records of earthquakes are converted into GIS data, it will be possible to analyze them using GIS. In addition, the data can be used not only in seismology but also in other related fields.

In this study, we attempted to convert historical materials into GIS data for the 1596 Keicho-Fushimi Earthquake, for which electronic texts have already been made available.

Using GIS, we examined the relationship between the earthquake fault and the distribution of historical materials. As a result, we found that the historical materials are unevenly distributed, and it is highly possible that the epicenter cannot be estimated accurately. In analyzing historical earthquakes, it is necessary to consider the spatial bias of historical materials and to understand their limitations.

On the other hand, the tendency of the distribution of the records is different depending on the nature of the historical materials. By converting historical documents into GIS data, it is possible to examine historical documents from a spatial perspective.We plan to publish the created GIS data on the web.

In the process of converting place names into GIS data, we faced the problem of having a mixture of place names with various characteristics in the historical records. The specific problems are as follows.
1. In urban areas, there are many detailed place names, so old maps with large scales are not useful for reference.
2. There are many examples of the same place name being written differently.
3. There are place names that have disappeared in modern times.
4. We need to find out where the temples and shrines existed at the time.
5. In some cases, it is not possible to determine the location without reading before and after the historical documents.
6. Conceptual and vague place names exist.
7. There are place names that should be represented by lines and Polygon.
8. There are cases where a location is expressed as a distance from a specific point.