10:45 AM - 11:00 AM
[O03-07] Wind-induced damage to buildings and future risk reduction
★Invited Papers
Keywords:Typhoon, Tornado, Wind Resistance, Claddings and components, Wind-borne Debris, Full-scale Storm Simulator
Wind pressures act on the surfaces of buildings, and the majority of wind-induced damage to buildings is initiated by damage to claddings and components, rather than to main frames. Small damage to eaves or breakage of windows can develop into larger damage to roofs and entire buildings. Therefore, “cladding and component design” is critical in the wind resistant design of buildings. Broken metal roof sheets, clay tiles, and other parts of buildings can be blown off, creating “wind-borne debris” that attacks downstream buildings and other structures, causing a chain of damage. “Damage chain” is a special feature of wind-induced damage. The impact of wind-borne debris is much higher than that of wind pressure, and claddings and components should have resistance to debris impacts, not only to strong wind pressures. Wind resistant design of buildings is basically made by comparing “wind action (load)” and “structural performance (resistance)”, but almost all past studies in the wind engineering field have focused on accurate estimations of wind actions (loads) on buildings and structures. Structural performance has not been sufficiently studied.
Many structures damaged by severe local storms are categorized as temporary ones such as construction site offices, and some of them, such as scaffoldings or movable roof structures, are designed assuming appropriate operation based on site wind speed. However, design criteria and maintenance discipline for these structures have not been well established.
This presentation describes recent examples of building damage due to typhoons and severe local storms resulting from the above mentioned problems. It also discusses the need for a full-scale storm simulator (FSSS) to cope with hypothesized future increase in wind-related disaster risks.
Many structures damaged by severe local storms are categorized as temporary ones such as construction site offices, and some of them, such as scaffoldings or movable roof structures, are designed assuming appropriate operation based on site wind speed. However, design criteria and maintenance discipline for these structures have not been well established.
This presentation describes recent examples of building damage due to typhoons and severe local storms resulting from the above mentioned problems. It also discusses the need for a full-scale storm simulator (FSSS) to cope with hypothesized future increase in wind-related disaster risks.