11:00 AM - 11:15 AM
[O04-08] Development of Educational Materials for the Kanagawa version of “Geological Fieldworks conducted in a Classroom" appling for High School Subject "Basic Earth Science" —Using Strata from Ikuta Ryokuchi Park—
★Invited Papers
Keywords:Digital Educational Material, Non Geoscience-Based Teacher, Experiential Learning, Local Geology, Geological Fieldwork, Real Sediment Sample
Purpose
The next Japanese High School Curriculum Guideline emphasizes the importance of Experiential learning for the Subject Area "Science" including "Basic Earth Science". However, this is not easy for not well-trained teachers in geoscience to teach the local geology for real by field observation. Thus, we develop a package of educational materials containing digital learning and hands-on training materials for geology which those teachers allow students to easily experience outdoor geological observations in classrooms and facilitate hands-on activities with sediment samples.
Target of research: Mt.Masugata in Ikuta Ryokuchi Park
In Kanagawa Pref., the Quaternary terrestrial sediments of the Kanto Loam cover the underlying marine deposits (Kazusa and Sagami Groups). These strata are well exposed along the 1 km circuit course in the Mt. Masugata in the Ikuta Ryokuchi Park, Kawasaki City, where we can observe the Iimuro Formation of Kazusa Group uncomformably overlain by the Oshinuma Sand and Gravel Formation of Sagami Group, and conformably overlying terrestrial Kanto Loam, in ascending order. The Iimuro Fm. yields fossil molluscs and fossil foraminifera, and the Kanto Loam interbeds wide-spread tephra. Therefore, these strata are suitable for students to learn a part of the Quaternary formation history in Kanagawa Pref. even at 1 location.
Developed Educational Materials
We have developed three digital materials, as follows; (1) "Ikuta Ryokuchi Park Fieldwork" for students to experience outdoor geological observations in classrooms, (2) "Fossil Foraminifera from the Iimuro Fm." and (3) "Rock-Minerals in Key Tephra". Each material involves worksheet and taxonomic search list for classification of foraminifera and rock-minerals for students, digital learning materials for students by operating with electronic devices of tablet terminals and smartphones, digital teaching materials for teachers and real sediment samples". These materials are expected to be used in the classes as shown below.
(1) Ikuta Ryokuchi Park Fieldwork (Estimated time: 1 to 2 class hours)
Students observe the overview of strata by moving the images of the 6 outcrops obtained by a 360 degrees camera around in any direction by themselves, and the details of sediment characters by enlarging the high-resolution spot images. They can compare their observations to images of boling sediment-core samples exhibited in Kawasaki Municial Science Museum and summarize the name of stratum in each outcrop and its characteristics, then draw geological columnar section.
(2) Fossil Foraminifera from the Iimuro Fm. (Estimated time: 2 class hours)
Students can wash sediments from the Iimuro Fm. within minutes using tea filter bags and obtain fossil foraminifera from the residues (ca. >250µm in size). They identify foraminifera by using the digital taxonomic search catalog named "Foraminifera search card". Based on the species lists compiled all results of classmates, they try to reconstract the past environment and depositional age of the sediments.
(3) Rock-Minerals in Key Tephra (Estimated time: 1 class hour)
Students can wash tephra sediments from the Kanto Loam in a short time using tea filter bags and can extract rock-minerals from the "Hakone Tokyo Tephra (Hk-TP)" and "Ontake Daiichi Tephra (On-Pm1) ". They identify rock-minerals by using taxonomic search catalog named "Mineral Search Card". Based on the observations, they estimate the type of magma for each tephra.
Summary
We have developed educational materials that help geologically not well-trained high school science teachers to teach the local geology for real by field observation in the Subject.
By three materials using the Parks with samples from the same strata in the other areas, students can deepen the understanding of formation history of the common land of Kanagawa Pref. with spatial relationships among strata.
Every student can operate the digital materials. So, they can do fieldwork in a regular classroom, which enables them to understand the scale of the entire outcrop and the geological formation using regional materials. They can extract the desired material from the sediment sample low cost and short time processes, and then identify fossils and minerals. Hence, those teachers can allow students to spend much time in observing and considering. Classes with these developed materials could shorten the necessary class times about an hour compared with traditional classes. "Fossil Foraminifera from the Iimuro Fm." is also a new material, which can lead to the understanding of depositional age.
We plan to distribute our newly developed materials and give a lecture on this package to teachers.
The next Japanese High School Curriculum Guideline emphasizes the importance of Experiential learning for the Subject Area "Science" including "Basic Earth Science". However, this is not easy for not well-trained teachers in geoscience to teach the local geology for real by field observation. Thus, we develop a package of educational materials containing digital learning and hands-on training materials for geology which those teachers allow students to easily experience outdoor geological observations in classrooms and facilitate hands-on activities with sediment samples.
Target of research: Mt.Masugata in Ikuta Ryokuchi Park
In Kanagawa Pref., the Quaternary terrestrial sediments of the Kanto Loam cover the underlying marine deposits (Kazusa and Sagami Groups). These strata are well exposed along the 1 km circuit course in the Mt. Masugata in the Ikuta Ryokuchi Park, Kawasaki City, where we can observe the Iimuro Formation of Kazusa Group uncomformably overlain by the Oshinuma Sand and Gravel Formation of Sagami Group, and conformably overlying terrestrial Kanto Loam, in ascending order. The Iimuro Fm. yields fossil molluscs and fossil foraminifera, and the Kanto Loam interbeds wide-spread tephra. Therefore, these strata are suitable for students to learn a part of the Quaternary formation history in Kanagawa Pref. even at 1 location.
Developed Educational Materials
We have developed three digital materials, as follows; (1) "Ikuta Ryokuchi Park Fieldwork" for students to experience outdoor geological observations in classrooms, (2) "Fossil Foraminifera from the Iimuro Fm." and (3) "Rock-Minerals in Key Tephra". Each material involves worksheet and taxonomic search list for classification of foraminifera and rock-minerals for students, digital learning materials for students by operating with electronic devices of tablet terminals and smartphones, digital teaching materials for teachers and real sediment samples". These materials are expected to be used in the classes as shown below.
(1) Ikuta Ryokuchi Park Fieldwork (Estimated time: 1 to 2 class hours)
Students observe the overview of strata by moving the images of the 6 outcrops obtained by a 360 degrees camera around in any direction by themselves, and the details of sediment characters by enlarging the high-resolution spot images. They can compare their observations to images of boling sediment-core samples exhibited in Kawasaki Municial Science Museum and summarize the name of stratum in each outcrop and its characteristics, then draw geological columnar section.
(2) Fossil Foraminifera from the Iimuro Fm. (Estimated time: 2 class hours)
Students can wash sediments from the Iimuro Fm. within minutes using tea filter bags and obtain fossil foraminifera from the residues (ca. >250µm in size). They identify foraminifera by using the digital taxonomic search catalog named "Foraminifera search card". Based on the species lists compiled all results of classmates, they try to reconstract the past environment and depositional age of the sediments.
(3) Rock-Minerals in Key Tephra (Estimated time: 1 class hour)
Students can wash tephra sediments from the Kanto Loam in a short time using tea filter bags and can extract rock-minerals from the "Hakone Tokyo Tephra (Hk-TP)" and "Ontake Daiichi Tephra (On-Pm1) ". They identify rock-minerals by using taxonomic search catalog named "Mineral Search Card". Based on the observations, they estimate the type of magma for each tephra.
Summary
We have developed educational materials that help geologically not well-trained high school science teachers to teach the local geology for real by field observation in the Subject.
By three materials using the Parks with samples from the same strata in the other areas, students can deepen the understanding of formation history of the common land of Kanagawa Pref. with spatial relationships among strata.
Every student can operate the digital materials. So, they can do fieldwork in a regular classroom, which enables them to understand the scale of the entire outcrop and the geological formation using regional materials. They can extract the desired material from the sediment sample low cost and short time processes, and then identify fossils and minerals. Hence, those teachers can allow students to spend much time in observing and considering. Classes with these developed materials could shorten the necessary class times about an hour compared with traditional classes. "Fossil Foraminifera from the Iimuro Fm." is also a new material, which can lead to the understanding of depositional age.
We plan to distribute our newly developed materials and give a lecture on this package to teachers.