[P-EM13] Study of coupling processes in solar-terrestrial system

[PEM13-01] Study of coupling processes in the solar-terrestrial system =Current status in 2021=

*Mamoru Yamamoto¹, Hiroyuki Hashiguchi¹, Tatsuhiro Yokoyama¹, Hiroshi Miyaoka², Yasunobu Ogawa², Kazuo Shiokawa³, Satonori Nozawa³, Akimasa Yoshikawa⁴, Toshitaka Tsuda¹ (1.Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, 2.National Institute of Polar Research, 3.Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, 4.Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University)

Keywords:Master Plan, Equatorial MU radar, EISCAT_3D radar, international observation network, IUGONET

Energy from the sun is divided into radiation and solar wind (high-speed particles), which are maximum at the equatorial and polar regions, respectively. We study the flow of the energy and materials in the whole atmosphere by establishing following two large atmospheric radars at these singular points, and global observation network.

(1) Equatorial fountain
The energy and material flows that occur in all height regions of the equatorial atmosphere are named as "Equatorial Fountain." These processes from the bottom also cause various effects in the upper atmosphere. We establish Equatorial MU Rdar (EMU radar) in Indonesia as main instrument for the studies.

(2) Energy inputs into polar upper atmosphere and its response
The energy/particle inflow results in auroral Joule heating and ion drag of the atmosphere. The ion outflow from the polar ionosphere controls ambient plasma constituents in the magnetosphere. We will contribute the international EISCAT_3D radar project that has started in northern Scandinavia since 2017.

(3) Global network of observation and data
We develop a global observation network of compact radio and optical remote sensing equipment from the equator to polar region. Data from the observations will be archived and utilized by the data exchange framework of IUGONET.

This project was continuously selected as one of important projects in Masterplan 2014, 2017, and 2020. In the presentation we also discuss science that should be addressed in relation this program.