[S-TT37] Seismic Big Data Analysis Based on the State-of-the-Art of Bayesian Statistics

[STT37-P04] Forecasting temporal variation of aftershocks immediately after a main shock using Gaussian process regression

*Kosuke Morikawa¹, Hiromichi Nagao^2,3, Shin-ichi Ito^2,3, Yoshikazu Terada^1,4, Shin'ichi Sakai^2,5, Naoshi Hirata^2,6 (1.Osaka University, 2.Earthquake Research Institute, The University of Tokyo,, 3.Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, 4.Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 5.Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, The University of Tokyo, 6.National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience)

Keywords:Statistical seismology, Time series analysis, Gaussian Process Regression

Uncovering the distribution of magnitudes and arrival times of aftershocks is a key to comprehending the characteristics of earthquake sequences, which enables us to predict seismic activities and conduct hazard assessments. However, identifying the number of aftershocks immediately after the main shock is practically difficult due to contaminations of arriving seismic waves. To overcome this difficulty, we construct a likelihood based on the detected data, incorporating a detection function to which Gaussian process regression (GPR) is applied. The GPR is capable of estimating not only the parameters of the distribution of aftershocks together with the detection function, but also credible intervals for both the parameters and the detection function. The property that the distributions of both the Gaussian process and aftershocks are exponential functions leads to an efficient Bayesian computational algorithm to estimate hyperparameters. After its validation through numerical tests, the proposed method is retrospectively applied to the catalog data related to the 2004 Chuetsu earthquake for the early forecasting of the aftershocks. The results show that the proposed method stably and simultaneously estimates distribution parameters and credible intervals, even within 3hours after the main shock.