1:45 PM - 3:15 PM
[O11-P31] Influence of atmospheric pressure change on periodic motion of a pendulum and its application to meteorological observation.
Keywords:pendulum, weather observation
ABSTRACT
This study explores the effect of the damping of the swing in the motion of a pendulum on changes in atmospheric pressure. The motion of a pendulum is damped by air resistance, and its velocity varies with changes in air pressure. The objective is to use this to develop a simple method for measuring atmospheric pressure. Through experiments, the relationship between the decay time of the pendulum and atmospheric pressure was clarified, and the possibility of low-cost and simple measurement of atmospheric pressure was demonstrated. This method is expected to be applied not only for weather observation but also as a tool for monitoring atmospheric pressure fluctuations.
Purpose and Background
The purpose of this research is to clarify the effect of atmospheric pressure on the amplitude decay of a pendulum and to develop a simple method for measuring atmospheric pressure using a pendulum. Fluctuations in atmospheric pressure have a significant impact on global weather phenomena, and there is a need to improve the accuracy of weather observation. However, since conventional barometers are expensive and require specialized equipment, it is necessary to develop a more convenient method of measuring atmospheric pressure. This study focuses on the periodic motion of a pendulum and explores its potential as a means of measuring atmospheric pressure. As background, the oscillation of a pendulum is damped by air resistance. The damping of a pendulum depends on the density of the air, and the higher the density, the faster the damping. Since atmospheric pressure is proportional to air density, there is a correlation between the damping time of a pendulum and atmospheric pressure. By utilizing this characteristic, it may be possible to realize a simple method of measuring changes in atmospheric pressure.
As a hypothesis, the decay time of a pendulum is inversely proportional to the air pressure, and it is expected that the higher the air pressure, the faster the pendulum stops, and the lower the air pressure, the longer the decay time. We will experimentally confirm this relationship and verify whether the method of estimating atmospheric pressure from the periodic motion of the pendulum is practical.
Experiments
The materials used in the study were a metal-weighted pendulum and a vacuum evacuation panel. The pendulum was used to observe the periodic motion of the pendulum in air and in a vacuum, and the vacuum pumping plate was used to observe the periodic motion of the pendulum with air resistance removed. The pendulum was observed to decay in air, while little or no decay was observed in vacuum. This allowed us to collect data to compare and analyze the effect of air pressure on the pendulum's motion.
RESULTS
The study confirmed that the decay time of the pendulum depends on the atmospheric pressure, with faster decay in air and almost no decay in a vacuum. The higher the atmospheric pressure in air, the faster the pendulum stopped moving, and the lower the pressure in air, the longer the pendulum tended to move. These results indicate that there is a clear correlation between the decay time of the pendulum and atmospheric pressure, and that a simple atmospheric pressure measurement using a pendulum may be feasible.
Discussion and Prospects
Based on the results of the study, there is a need to improve the accuracy of the pendulum-based barometric pressure measurement method. It is necessary to optimize the shape, mass, and length of the pendulum to improve accuracy, and to develop a model that compensates for the effects of temperature, humidity, and other factors. Furthermore, as a low-cost, portable barometer, it is expected to be used in education and field work. In the future, it could be applied to weather data collection and climate change monitoring.
References
1) The application of the Barometer in Physics and Chemistry.(1944) Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada.
2)Damping of a Simple Pendulum Due to Drag on Its String.(2016)Journal of Applied Physics,J.R.Hill and C.D.johnson
3)Study of Viscous Fliud Damping of Compound Pendulums.(2018)American Journal of Physics,S.H.Wells and L.T.Perkins
4)On pendulums and air resistance.The mathematics and physics of Denis Diderot.(2015)The European Physical Journal H, Volume 40, Issue 3, article id. , 373 pp.,Dahmen, Sílvio R.
Translated with DeepL.com
This study explores the effect of the damping of the swing in the motion of a pendulum on changes in atmospheric pressure. The motion of a pendulum is damped by air resistance, and its velocity varies with changes in air pressure. The objective is to use this to develop a simple method for measuring atmospheric pressure. Through experiments, the relationship between the decay time of the pendulum and atmospheric pressure was clarified, and the possibility of low-cost and simple measurement of atmospheric pressure was demonstrated. This method is expected to be applied not only for weather observation but also as a tool for monitoring atmospheric pressure fluctuations.
Purpose and Background
The purpose of this research is to clarify the effect of atmospheric pressure on the amplitude decay of a pendulum and to develop a simple method for measuring atmospheric pressure using a pendulum. Fluctuations in atmospheric pressure have a significant impact on global weather phenomena, and there is a need to improve the accuracy of weather observation. However, since conventional barometers are expensive and require specialized equipment, it is necessary to develop a more convenient method of measuring atmospheric pressure. This study focuses on the periodic motion of a pendulum and explores its potential as a means of measuring atmospheric pressure. As background, the oscillation of a pendulum is damped by air resistance. The damping of a pendulum depends on the density of the air, and the higher the density, the faster the damping. Since atmospheric pressure is proportional to air density, there is a correlation between the damping time of a pendulum and atmospheric pressure. By utilizing this characteristic, it may be possible to realize a simple method of measuring changes in atmospheric pressure.
As a hypothesis, the decay time of a pendulum is inversely proportional to the air pressure, and it is expected that the higher the air pressure, the faster the pendulum stops, and the lower the air pressure, the longer the decay time. We will experimentally confirm this relationship and verify whether the method of estimating atmospheric pressure from the periodic motion of the pendulum is practical.
Experiments
The materials used in the study were a metal-weighted pendulum and a vacuum evacuation panel. The pendulum was used to observe the periodic motion of the pendulum in air and in a vacuum, and the vacuum pumping plate was used to observe the periodic motion of the pendulum with air resistance removed. The pendulum was observed to decay in air, while little or no decay was observed in vacuum. This allowed us to collect data to compare and analyze the effect of air pressure on the pendulum's motion.
RESULTS
The study confirmed that the decay time of the pendulum depends on the atmospheric pressure, with faster decay in air and almost no decay in a vacuum. The higher the atmospheric pressure in air, the faster the pendulum stopped moving, and the lower the pressure in air, the longer the pendulum tended to move. These results indicate that there is a clear correlation between the decay time of the pendulum and atmospheric pressure, and that a simple atmospheric pressure measurement using a pendulum may be feasible.
Discussion and Prospects
Based on the results of the study, there is a need to improve the accuracy of the pendulum-based barometric pressure measurement method. It is necessary to optimize the shape, mass, and length of the pendulum to improve accuracy, and to develop a model that compensates for the effects of temperature, humidity, and other factors. Furthermore, as a low-cost, portable barometer, it is expected to be used in education and field work. In the future, it could be applied to weather data collection and climate change monitoring.
References
1) The application of the Barometer in Physics and Chemistry.(1944) Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada.
2)Damping of a Simple Pendulum Due to Drag on Its String.(2016)Journal of Applied Physics,J.R.Hill and C.D.johnson
3)Study of Viscous Fliud Damping of Compound Pendulums.(2018)American Journal of Physics,S.H.Wells and L.T.Perkins
4)On pendulums and air resistance.The mathematics and physics of Denis Diderot.(2015)The European Physical Journal H, Volume 40, Issue 3, article id. , 373 pp.,Dahmen, Sílvio R.
Translated with DeepL.com