[P2-121] Efficacy of Levetiracetam combination therapy in child epilepsy
[Purpose] Purpose: Levetiracetam (LEV) was launched as an antiepileptic drug adapted for combination therapy of partial seizures including secondary generalization seizures in September 2010. Single drug administration for partial seizures was approved in February 2015 in Japan. Here, we examine the characteristics of cases in which seizures were suppressed by LEV administration. [Methods] A total of 168 patients (86 males and 82 females) used a combination of LEV against epileptic seizures from September 2010 to December 2015. In only 8 cases (all female, 7-19 years old) seizures disappeared in 6 months or more. Therefore, we examined characteristics of these cases about clinical seizure type, EEG findings, epilepsy classification, starting and maintenance LEV dose and side effects. [Results] Of clinical seizures seen in the 8 cases , 1 was tonic clonic seizure, 1 tonic seizure, 1 myoclonic seizure, 2 absence seizure, 2 complicated partial seizures, 1 simple partial seizure, 1 autonomic attack. EEG showed spikes confined to frontal area in 6 cases, and the frontal dominant general spike and wave complex was seen in 4 cases. Eight of our diagnoses were 1 case of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, 2 of frontal lobe absence, 4 of focal epilepsy (frontal area 2, central area 1, multifocal 1), 1 case of Panayiotopoulos syndrome. The medications used with LEV were sodium valproate (VPA) (3), carbamazepine (CBZ) (1), zonisamide (ZNS) (1). The starting LEV dose was 200-500 mg/day (500 mg/day or 10 mg/kg/day); the maintenance dose was 300-2500 mg/day, and in 6 cases was less than 1000 mg/day or 20 mg/kg/day. Seizures disappeared in all cases, and there were no side effects. [Conclusions] Many seizures were suppressed by small doses of LEV but LEV required other drugs to suppress refractory epilepsy symptoms.