*Kazuhiro Misumi¹, Jun Nishioka², Hajime Obata³, Daisuke Tsumune¹, Tsubono Takaki¹, Matthew C Long⁴, Keith Lindsay⁴, J. Keith Moore⁵ (1.Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, 2.Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, 3.Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 4.Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, 5.Department of Earth System Science, University of California at Irvine)

*Yumi Abe¹, Shoshiro Minobe^1,5, Takamitsu Ito², Curtis Deutsch³, Matthew C. Long⁴ (1.Department of Natural History Sciences, Graduate School of Science,Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, 2.School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 3.School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 4.Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA, 5.Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan)

*Yumi Abe¹, Shoshiro Minobe^1,5, Takamitsu Ito², Curtis Deutsch³, Matthew C. Long⁴ (1.Department of Natural History Sciences, Graduate School of Science,Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, 2.School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 3.School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 4.Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA, 5.Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan)