10:00 〜 10:30
[2M02] 生物多様性条約の「DSI」の国際開発への影響
キーワード：生物多様性条約、遺伝資源の電子情報、遺伝資源へのアクセスと便益配分、費用対効果、技術移転
1. Introduction - Objective, Background, and Justification
1.1 Objective
Objective of this presentation is to point out influences of digital sequence information (DSI) in the arena of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) on international development. DSI implies genome sequence data. A view from cost-effectiveness is emphasized.
1.2 Background
The 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to CBD (COP15) has adopted two crucial decisions on the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) and on DSI. The benefits from the use of DSI should be shared fairly and equitably by these decisions, while the benefits to be shared used to be those from material objects. The scope of CBD widened from material objects to digital data.
1.3 Justification of the Research
An open access to database of DSI is crucial for international development, because it is a basic infrastructure especially in the field of biotechnology. If the new system imposes some additional costs on those who enjoy open access to database, it is an obstacle to technology transfer. Even if the system physically does not block the assess, if incremental costs are greater that incremental benefits by the new system, it deteriorates cost-effectiveness of the system as a whole.
2. Data and Analytical Methods
Data have been collected from official documents of COP15 and those of related meetings. Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is applied to possible options of benefit-sharing. When CBA, implicit non-monetary benefits, operational costs, transaction costs, and opportunity costs are highlighted.
3. Findings
Influences by the new system of DSI on international development depend on a ratio between all the incremental benefits and all the incremental costs. Monetary benefits arising from DSI are expected to increase by an introduction of the new system, while operational costs, transaction costs, and opportunity costs are expected to increase.
1.1 Objective
Objective of this presentation is to point out influences of digital sequence information (DSI) in the arena of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) on international development. DSI implies genome sequence data. A view from cost-effectiveness is emphasized.
1.2 Background
The 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to CBD (COP15) has adopted two crucial decisions on the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) and on DSI. The benefits from the use of DSI should be shared fairly and equitably by these decisions, while the benefits to be shared used to be those from material objects. The scope of CBD widened from material objects to digital data.
1.3 Justification of the Research
An open access to database of DSI is crucial for international development, because it is a basic infrastructure especially in the field of biotechnology. If the new system imposes some additional costs on those who enjoy open access to database, it is an obstacle to technology transfer. Even if the system physically does not block the assess, if incremental costs are greater that incremental benefits by the new system, it deteriorates cost-effectiveness of the system as a whole.
2. Data and Analytical Methods
Data have been collected from official documents of COP15 and those of related meetings. Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is applied to possible options of benefit-sharing. When CBA, implicit non-monetary benefits, operational costs, transaction costs, and opportunity costs are highlighted.
3. Findings
Influences by the new system of DSI on international development depend on a ratio between all the incremental benefits and all the incremental costs. Monetary benefits arising from DSI are expected to increase by an introduction of the new system, while operational costs, transaction costs, and opportunity costs are expected to increase.
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